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Q1 Why did the children go to Yasmin Khala's house?
Ans: Yasmin Khala was retired from Municipal Corporation. While playing, the children broke the street light & they thought that they have to give money to replace the damage light. So, they went to Yasmin Khala’s house to know that to whom they have to give money and who is responsible to replace the damaged street light.
Q2 List four ways in which the work of the Municipal Corporation affects the life of a city-dweller.
Ans: Work of Municipal Corporation that affects the life of city dweller are:
1. The Municipal Corporation takes care of street lights, garbage collection and water supply.
2. It makes sure that streets and markets are clean. It makes garden and maintain them.
3. It runs school, hospitals and dispensaries.
4. It is also responsible for ensuring that diseases do not break out in the city.Q3 Who is a Municipal Councillor?
Ans: The Municipal Corporation is made up of wards committee. Each ward has one seat in this ward committee and members are elected to this on the basis of UAF (Universal Adult Franchise) and on basis of 5 years.
Q4 What did Gangabai do and why?
Ans: Gangabai collected group of women and went to the Municipal commissioner’s office along with ward councilor to protest against garbage dumps all over the street. As the garbage is spread all over; it attracts rats, flies and dogs. So due to this, people were getting ill who were living around that area. Then, the Gangabai approached the ward councilor.
Q5 How does the Municipal Corporation earn the money to do its work?
Ans: Municipal Corporation earns the money to do its work by collecting several types of taxes like:
1. Property tax
2. Taxes for water and other services
3. Taxes for education
4. Taxes for entertainmentQ6 Discuss
In the two photographs you see different ways of collecting and disposing garbage.i) Which way do you think provides safety to the person disposing garbage?
ii) What are the dangers of collecting garbage in the manner shown in the first photograph?
iii) Why do you think that proper ways of disposing garbage are not available to those who work in municipalities?Ans: (a) I think the 2 nd photo is the correct way of disposing garbage and also provides safety to the person.
(b) The picture one shows the wrong way of collecting garbage because we can see that the garbage is thrown in the land and animals are sitting there which can cause harness to those and as well as to the workers who are working there. The garbage would might contain plastics, harmful chemicals and as well as poisons. And if these are eaten by animals, it would have spread the diseases, infection and can kill them.
(c) The facilities are not available to the workers of the municipalities because there are not proper arrangements and the workers are also less aware of health and hygiene.
Q7 Several poor people in the city work as domestic servants as well as work for the Corporation, keeping the city clean. Yet the slums in which they live are quite filthy. This is because these slums seldom have any water and sanitation facilities. The reason often given by the Municipal Corporation is that the land in which the poor have set up their homes does not belong to them and that slum-dwellers do not pay taxes. However people living in middle class neighbourhoods pay very little in taxes compared to the amount of money the corporation spends on them in setting up parks, street lighting facilities, regular garbage collection etc. Also as you read in this chapter, the property taxes collected by the Municipality makes up only 25-30 per cent of its money. Why do you think it is important that the Corporation should spend more money on slum localities? Why is it important that the Municipal Corporation provide the poor in the city with the same facilities that the rich get?
Ans: I think that it is important to spend money on slums localities because they do not have that much money to maintain health and hygiene in the society. People elect their government just to help the people and provide facility to the needy people. The people just need some facilities, sanitation and education.
Q8 Look at the image below.
The Government of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission on 2 October 2014 to promote cleanliness in both rural and urban areas all over the nation. Under the “Swachh Bharat, Swachh Vidyalaya” campaign, many activities are also being carried out in schools to generate awareness on sanitation and hygiene amongst students. Observe the ways in which “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” is being implemented by municipality / panchayat in your locality. Prepare a poster and display it in your school.
Ans: Explanation: