Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - I. This page offers chapter-wise solutions designed to help students grasp key concepts easily. With detailed answers and explanations for each chapter, students can strengthen their understanding and prepare confidently for exams. Ideal for CBSE and other board students, this resource will simplify your study experience.
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Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones
The problem of archaeological interpretation is perhaps most evident in attempts to reconstruct religious practices. The frontiers of the harappan civilization have little or no connection with present – day national boundaries. Over the decades, new issues have assumed importance. A site like Harappa, which was not part of the itinerary of the Chinese pilgrims and was not known as an early historic city, did not fit very neatly within his framework of investigation.
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Chapter 2 Kings, Farmers and Towns
Some of the most momentous developments in Indian epigraphy took place in the 1830’s. This gave a new direction to investigations into early Indian political history as European and Indian scholars used inscription and texts composed in a variety of languages to reconstruct the lineages of major dynasties that had ruled the subcontinent. Asoka was the first ruler who inscribed his message to his subject and official on stone surface-natural rocks and pillars are often regarded as amongst the most valuable sources. From the sixth century BCE, land and river routes criss- crossed the subcontinent and extended in various direction overland into central asia and beyond and overseas from ports that dotted the coastline extending across the arabian sea to east and north Africa and west asia and through the bay of Bengal to southeast asia and china.
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Chapter 3 Kinship, Caste and Class
For early societies historians can retrieve information about elite families fairly easily; it is however far more difficult to reconstruct the familial relationship of ordinary people. Historians usually classify the contents of the present text under two broad heads: sections that contain stories designed as the narrative and sections that contain prescriptions about social norms designated as didactic. Amongst other things the chief were patrons of bards and poets who sang their praise. They also rejected the idea of claims to status on the basis of birth. In other words social differences between men and women were sharpened because of the differences in access to resources.
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Chapter 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings
The Rigveda consists of hymns in praise of a variety of deities, especially agni indra and soma. People also began speculating on the significance of the sacrificial tradition. For centuries manuscripts of these texts were carefully preserved in libraries attached to temples. He had a sheltered upbringing within the places insulated from the harsh realities of life. For the rest of his life he taught dhamma or the path of righteous living. The Buddha's followers came from many social groups. If that failed decisions were taken by a voice on the subject. These early scholars tried to make sense of what appeared to be strange images by comparing them with sculpture with which they were familiar, that from ancient Greece.
Popular Questions of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - I
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Discuss whether the Mahabharata could have been the work of a single author.
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How do historians reconstruct the lives of ordinary people?
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Look at Fig. 1.30 and describe what you see. How is the body placed? What are the objects placed near it? Are there any artefacts on the body? Do these indicate the sex of the skeleton?
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Discuss whether kings in early states were invariably Kshatriyas.
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How important were gender differences in early societies? Give reasons for your answer.
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Discuss the evidence that suggests that Brahmanical prescriptions about kinship and marriage were not universally followed.
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On Map 1, use a pencil to circle sites where evidence of agriculture has been recovered. Mark an X against sites where there is evidence of craft production and R against sites where raw materials were found.
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Describe some of the distinctive features of Mohenjodaro.
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Describe the salient features of mahajanapadas.
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This is a statement made by one of the best-known epigraphists of the twentieth century, D.C. Sircar: “There is no aspect of life, culture and activities of the Indians that is not reflected in inscriptions.” Discuss.
Recently Viewed Questions of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - I
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Figs. 4.32 and 4.33 are two scenes from Sanchi. Describe what you see in each of them, focusing on the architecture, plants and animals, and the activities. Identify which one shows a rural scene and which an urban scene, giving reasons for your answer.
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To what extent does knowledge of Buddhist literature help in understanding the sculpture at Sanchi?
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List some of the problems faced by epigraphists.
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On Map 1, use a pencil to circle sites where evidence of agriculture has been recovered. Mark an X against sites where there is evidence of craft production and R against sites where raw materials were found.
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How do historians reconstruct the lives of ordinary people?
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List the materials used to make beads in the Harappan civilisation. Describe the process by which any one kind of bead was made.
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How do archaeologists trace socio-economic differences in Harappan society? What are the differences that they notice?
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List the items of food available to people in Harappan cities. Identify the groups who would have provided these.
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Discuss the functions that may have been performed by rulers in Harappan society.
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Discuss the notions of kingship that developed in the post-Mauryan period.