NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science - Understanding Economic Development

The following table shows the proportion of adults (aged 15-49 years) whose BMI
is below normal (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) in India. It is based on a survey of various
states for the year 2015-16. Look at the table and answer the following questions.

(i) Compare the nutritional level of people in Kerala and Madhya Pradesh.
(ii) Can you guess why around one-fifth of people in the country are undernourished even though it is argued that there is enough food in the country? Describe in your own words.

Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.

Why is the issue of sustainability important for development?

Workers are exploited in the unorganised sector. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Critically examine the progress of the consumer movement in India?

“Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian
economy.” Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.

For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss.

Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.

Analyse the role of credit for development.

For each of the items given in Table 1.6, find out which country is at the top and
which is at the bottom.

The following tables gives the GDP in Rupees (Crores) by the three sectors:

i. Calculate the share of the three sectors in GDP for 1950 and 2000.

ii. Show the data as a bar diagram similar to Graph 2 in the chapter.

iii. What conclusions can we draw from the bar graph?

How does foreign trade lead to the integration of markets across countries? Explain with an example other than those given here.

The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues :
wages, safety and health. Explain with examples.

Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary is useful? Explain how.

Match the following. 

Supposing you find two people arguing: One is saying globalisation has hurt our country’s development. The other is telling, globalisation is helping India develop. How would you respond to these organisations?

Look at a 10 rupee note. What is written on top? Can you explain this statement?
“Reserve Bank of India” and “Guaranteed by the Government” are written on top.

Mention a few factors which cause the exploitation of consumers.

In India, about 80 percent of farmers are small farmers, who need cultivation.
(a) Why might banks be unwilling to lend to small farmers?            (b) What are the other sources from which the small farmers can borrow?                                                                                            (c) Explain with an example of how the terms of credit can be unfavorable for the small farmer.
(d) Suggest some ways by which small farmers can get cheap credit.

What was the reason for putting barriers to foreign trade and foreign investment by the Indian government? Why did it wish to remove these barriers?