Question 55: (a) Differentiate between meristematic and permanent tissues in plants.
(b) Define the process of differentiation.
(c) Name any two simple and two complex permanent tissues in plants.
Answer:
(a)
| Meristematic Tissue |
Permanent Tissue |
| a. It provides growth to the plant. |
a. It provides protection, conduction photosynthesis, storage etc. |
| b. Cells of this tissue do not contain crystals and other inclusions. |
b. Cells of this tissue possess crystal and other inclusions. |
| c. Cells of this tissue are very active, have dense cytoplasm, thin walls and prominent nuclei. They lack vacuoles |
c. Cells of this tissue are vacuolated, vary in shape and size. Their cell walls may be thin or thick. |
| d. Cell wall of its cells is thin and elastic. |
d. Cell wall of its cells may either be thin or thick. |
| e. Cells of this tissue are living. |
e. Cells of this tissue may be living (parenchyma) or dead (sclerenchyma). |
| f. Intercellular spaces are absent in cells. |
f. Intercellular spaces may be present or absent. |
(b) Differentiation is the process in which unspecialised cells lose their ability to divide and convert into specialised cells and take up permanent shape, size, structure and function.
(c)
Simple permanent tissues:
(i) parenchyma
(ii) collenchyma
(iii) sclerenchyma
Complex permanent tissues:
(i) xylem
(ii) phloem
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