Question 4: Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
Answer:
Transport in organism like plants and animals is very necessary as it absorbs all essential components and transport them to all parts of the body. The water and minerals from soil enters the plant through the roots and then pass into the xylem that is from the soil to the uppermost leaves. This upward movement of minerals and water against the gravitational force through the xylem is known as ascent of sap in the plants. Transport of materials is necessary in both plants and animals because every cell needs a regular supply of mineral nutrients.
The uptake of inorganic nutrients from the soil is mineral nutrition which is very important to complete their growth and life cycle and in animals; the food that we eat is broken down into smaller components that is absorbed by the cells. The oxygen that we intake is also transported to all the cells of the body. Our body also requires the removal of waste materials such as carbon dioxide in the breathing process. For the transport of food, oxygen and wastes; our body has a specialised transport system. Similarly, in plants, the transport of water and food is accomplished with the help of xylem and phloem.
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