Question 1: Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the four major domains of the earth?
(b) Name the major continents of the earth.
(c) Name the two continents that lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere.
(d) Name the different layers of atmosphere.
(e) Why is the earth called the ‘blue planet’?
(f) Why is the Northern Hemisphere called the Land Hemisphere?
(g) Why is the Biosphere important for living organisms?
Answer:
(a) The four major domains of the Earth are:
- Lithosphere: the solid portion of the earth.
- Atmosphere: The airy portion of the earth.
- Hydrosphere: Water portion of the earth.
- Biosphere: The zone of contact between the land, air and water.
(b) The seven major continents of the Earth are:
- Asia
- Europe
- North America
- South America
- Africa
- Australia
- Antarctica
(c) The two continents that lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere are:
- Australia
- Antarctica
(d) The different layers of atmosphere are:
- Troposphere
- Stratosphere
- Mesosphere
- Thermosphere
- Exosphere
(e) The Earth is called ‘Blue Planet’ because 71% of the Earth is covered with water and looks blue as seen from the outer space.
(f) The Northern Hemisphere is called the land Hemisphere because:
- Greater part of the landmass lies in the Northern Hemisphere. It is more than 70% of the total area.
- Waterbodies area is smaller in this hemisphere. It is only 30% of the total area.
(g) Importance of the Biosphere are as follows:
- It is in this zone where life exists.
- There are several species of organisms that vary in size from microbes and bacteria to huge mammals.
- All the living organisms are linked to each other and to the biosphere for the survival.
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