Question 3: Explain the structure of middle and internal ear with the help of diagram.
Answer:
Structure of middle ear: The middle ear contains three bony ossicles which are arranged in a chain called malleus, incus and stapes and the tympanic membrane. Tympanic membrane separates middle ear from external ear. Middle ear is connected to nasopharynx by Eustachian tube. This membrane is also known as ear drum. It catches the sound waves to and transfers to bony ossicles pick these waves and transmit to the inner ear.
Structure of inner ear: The inner ear consists a complex system called vestibular apparatus located above the cochlea. Inner ear is a fluid filled chamber known as labyrinth. It is composed of outer bony labyrinth and inner membrane labyrinth. Labyrinth is also divided into cochlea and semi- circular canals. Each semi- circular canal lies in a different plane at right angles to each other. The base of the canals is swollen is called ampulla. An oval window in the cochlea receives sound waves from the stapes and sends auditory signals to the brain. Posture of the body is maintained by semi- circular canals.
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