Name the components of the formed elemen | Class 11 Biology Chapter Body Fluids and Circulation, Body Fluids and Circulation NCERT Solutions

The component elements in the blood are:

(1) Erythrocytes:

They are the most abundant cells and contain the red pigment called haemoglobin. They carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Red blood cells are produced continuously in some parts of the body such as the marrow of long bones, ribs, etc. There are about 4 – 6 million RBCs per cubic millimetre of blood.

(2) Leukocytes

Leucocytes are colourless cells. These cells do not contain haemoglobin. They are the largest cells of the body. There are about 5000-8000 per cubic millimetre of bood. They are divided into two main categories:

(a) Granulocytes

These leucocytes have granules in their cytoplasm and include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophiles. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells that protect the body against various infecting agents. Eosinophils are associated with allergic reactions, while basophiles are involved in inflammatory responses.

(b) Agranulocytes

Lymphocytes and monocytes are agranulocytes. Lymphocytes generate immune responses against infecting agents, while monocytes are phagocytic in nature.

(3) Platelets

Platelets are small irregular bodies present in blood. They contain essential chemicals that help in clotting. The main function of platelets is to promote clotting. There are about 1.5 - 2.0 lakhs platelets per cubic millimetre of blood.