India has abundant natural resources &md | Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development Chapter Environment and Sustainable Development, Environment and Sustainable Development NCERT Solutions

What is meant by environment?

What are the functions of the environment?

Explain the supply-demand reversal of environmental resources.

How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?

(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming

State any four pressing environmental concerns of India. Correction for environmental damages involves opportunity costs — explain.

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.

What is sustainable development?

What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?

Classify the following into renewable and non-renewable resources
(i) trees    (ii) fish    (iii) petroleum    (iv) coal    (v) iron-ore    (vi) water

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

How is RBI controlling the commercial banks?

Explain the steps taken by the government in developing rural markets.

Why was the public sector given a leading role in industrial development during the planning period?

Distinguish between the following

(i) Strategic and Minority sale
(ii) Bilateral and Multi-lateral trade
(iii) Tariff and Non-tariff barriers.

Match the following:

Infrastructure contributes to the economic development of a country. Do you agree? Explain.

Find the odd man out (i) owner of a saloon (ii) a cobbler (iii) a cashier in Mother Dairy (iv) a tuition master (v) transport operator (vi) construction worker.

What is marketable surplus?

 Indicate the volume and direction of trade at the time of independence.

How will you know whether a worker is working in the informal sector?

What is a ‘global burden of disease’?

What is the significance of ‘energy’? Differentiate between commercial and non-commercial sources of energy.

Trace the relationship between human capital and economic growth.

The newly emerging jobs are found mostly in the sector (service/manufacturing).

Describe the meaning of public health. Discuss the major public health measures undertaken by the state in recent years to control diseases.

Underscore some of India’s most crucial economic challenges at the time of independence.

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Define worker-population ratio.

What do you mean by agricultural marketing?