Class 12th Chemistry 2017 Set3 Delhi Board Paper Solution
Chemistry of actinoids is complicated as compared to lanthanoids. Give two reasons
Chemistry of actinoid is complicated as compared to the lanthanoids.The two reasons are :
(i) Actinoid are radioactive due to that, chemistry of actinoid is complicated.
(ii) 5-f orbital present in actinoids is more exposed to the outer environment while 4-f orbital present in lanthanoide are deeply buried.
(ii) Lanthanoids show limited number of oxidation states as +2,+3 and + 4 (out of which + 3 is most common). This is due to the large energy gap between 4f and 5d subshells. The dominant oxidation state of actinoids is also + 3 but they show a number of other oxidation states also like uranium (Z = 92) and plutonium (Z = 94) show +3,+4,+5 and +6, neptunium shows +3,+4,+5 and +7. This is due to small energy difference between 5 6 f d , and 7s subshells.
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Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i) Propanal and Propanone
(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid
(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one
(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
(vii) Ethanal and Propanal
- Q:-
How the following conversions can be carried out?
(i) Propene to propan-1-ol
(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
(iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
(xvii) Chloroethane to butane
(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide
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