Class 12th Chemistry 2017 Set1 Delhi Board Paper Solution
Give reasons:
Although - NH2 is o/p directing group, yet aniline on nitration gives a significant amount of m-nitroaniline.
Nitration is usually carried out with a mixture of conc.HNO3 and conc. H2SO4. So in the presence of these acids, aniline gets protonated to form anilinium ion. Therefore, the reaction mixture consists of aniline and anilinium ion. - NH2 group in aniline is o, p-directing and activating, whereas the NH3 group in anilinium is m-directing and deactivating. Now, nitration of aniline mainly gives p-nitroaniline due to steric hindrance at o-position and the nitration of anilinium ion gives m -nitroaniline.
Popular Questions of Class 12th chemistry
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Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i) Propanal and Propanone
(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid
(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one
(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
(vii) Ethanal and Propanal
- Q:-
How the following conversions can be carried out?
(i) Propene to propan-1-ol
(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
(iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
(xvii) Chloroethane to butane
(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide
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