What is the Full Form of RNA?

RNA, or Ribonucleic Acid, is a crucial molecule in the biological world. It plays a central role in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. Unlike DNA, RNA is usually single-stranded.

 

Structure of RNA

• Nucleotides: Composed of a ribose sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil).

• Single-Stranded: Typically single-stranded, allowing it to fold into complex shapes necessary for its various functions.

Types of RNA

• mRNA (Messenger RNA): Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

• tRNA (Transfer RNA): Helps decode mRNA into proteins by transporting the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome.

• rRNA (Ribosomal RNA): Along with proteins, makes up the ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis.

• siRNA (Small Interfering RNA): Involved in gene silencing and regulation.

Functions of RNA

• Protein Synthesis: Central to the process of translating genetic information into proteins.

• Gene Regulation: Plays roles in regulating gene expression and silencing.

• Catalytic Roles: Some RNA molecules have enzymatic activity and can catalyze biological reactions.

Importance of RNA

• Genetic Expression: Essential for the expression of genes into functional proteins.

• Biological Processes: Involved in various critical processes including development, immunity, and cellular function.

• Research and Medicine: RNA technologies are pivotal in genetic research, diagnostics, and therapeutics, such as mRNA vaccines.

 

PYQs On RNA

 

Q. What is the full form of RNA?

Ans. The full form of RNA is Ribonucleic Acid.